GnRH Receptor (促性腺激素释放激素受体)

The GnRH receptor (Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor, GNRHR) is a member of the rhodopsin-like G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family and consists of seven transmembrane helical domains connected via extra- and intra-cellular segments. GnRH receptor is located on the plasma membrane of gonadotrophs, pituitary cells that synthesize the gonadotrophins LH and FSH.

Mammalian type I and II GnRH receptors show differential ligand preference for GnRH-I (also named as LHRHR) and GnRH-II, respectively. All GnRH receptors activate the G_q/11 family of G proteins, which activate phospholipase C-catalyzed production of second messengers that activate protein kinase C (PKC). GnRH receptor activated by GnRH analogues stimulates the synthesis and release of LH and FSH. GnRH receptors can be used for the research of breast and prostate cancer, regulation of fertility, endometriosis and a range of other medical and veterinary uses.